What are molecular solids?

1 min readdecember 21, 2021


AP Chemistry 🧪

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Molecular solids are one of the four major types of solids you need to know about in AP chemistry. The others are ionic, metallic, and covalent network solids. Watch a video on the 🎥 structure of solids for additional help.

The Basics 

  • Take ice, for example. 
  • Sure, each individual molecule is held together by covalent bonds, but the actual solid is created by hydrogen bonds connecting the molecules to each other. 
  • https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/fiveable-92889.appspot.com/o/images%2FScreen%20Shot%202020-08-08%20at%207.31-WdhsyjnW1TxD.png?alt=media&token=80ff5b58-6a7a-4bd6-9076-763a7b179533

Source: chemguide

Properties

  • Intermolecular forces are weaker than ionic or covalent bonds, so molecular solids are relatively soft and flexible.
  • This also means they tend to have low melting points.
  • They do not conduct electricity because electrons are localized within individual molecules. 
  • Polar molecular solids, like sugar, will be soluble in water. 
  • Keep in mind that the individual molecules don't break apart, only the intermolecular forces do!

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⚛️Unit 1 – Atomic Structure & Properties
🤓Unit 2 – Molecular & Ionic Bonding
🌀Unit 3 – Intermolecular Forces & Properties
🧪Unit 4 – Chemical Reactions
👟Unit 5 – Kinetics
🔥Unit 6 – Thermodynamics
⚖️Unit 7 – Equilibrium
🍊Unit 8 – Acids & Bases
🔋Unit 9 – Applications of Thermodynamics
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